Step 1: Solar radiation measurement is important in solar energy applications.
Step 2: Global solar radiation includes direct radiation and diffuse radiation received on a surface.
Step 3: A pyranometer measures global solar radiation over a hemispherical field of view.
Step 4: A pyrheliometer measures direct beam solar radiation, not total hemispherical radiation.
Step 5: Therefore, the correct instrument is:
\[
\boxed{\text{Pyranometer}}
\]