Question

Suggest any four measures to make the United Nations Organisation more relevant in the current scenario.

Hint:

Four key UN Reform measures: 1. Expand UNSC permanent seats to include emerging global powers (e.g., India). 2. Restrict/regulate Veto power during humanitarian emergencies. 3. Ensure financial stability through timely mandatory member contributions. 4. Empower the UN General Assembly and peacebuilding agencies.

Answer 1

Concept: The geopolitical landscape of the world has changed fundamentally since 1945. To remain effective and legitimate in addressing 21st-century global challenges, the United Nations requires structural and functional reforms.

Step 1: Measure 1: Reform and Expansion of the UN Security Council (UNSC).
The UNSC must be expanded in both permanent and non-permanent categories to reflect contemporary geopolitical realities. Major emerging regional powers and developing countries—such as India, Brazil, Japan, Germany, and representative African nations—must be granted permanent seats to make the body more democratic and representative.

Step 2: Measure 2: Restructuring or Regulating the Veto Power.
The misuse of veto power by the 5 permanent members (P5) often paralyzes the UN during urgent humanitarian crises and armed conflicts. Reforming the veto rule—such as prohibiting its use in cases of genocide, war crimes, and mass atrocities—would enhance the UN's decision-making speed and moral credibility.

Step 3: Measure 3: Strengthening Financial Independence and Regular Funding.
The UN frequently faces financial constraints because several member nations delay their mandatory assessed budget contributions. Implementing stricter financial compliance rules and creating predictable financing mechanisms for UN Peacekeeping and humanitarian operations will ensure operational autonomy.

Step 4: Measure 4: Enhancing Democratic Role of UN General Assembly (UNGA) and Socio-Economic Bodies.
The UN General Assembly, where every member country has one vote, should be given greater legislative and supervisory authority over global security decisions when the Security Council is locked in deadlock. Additionally, boosting funding for the Peacebuilding Commission and Human Rights Council will address root causes of global instability.