Question

State any four issues of dispute between India and China.

Hint:

Think of the border claims over Arunachal Pradesh and Aksai Chin, Tibet, the 1962 war and the China-Pakistan ties.

Answer 1

Step 1: Introduce the topic:
India and China are neighbours and have a long history of friendly ties. Yet several disputes have strained the relations since the 1950s.
Four of these issues are given below, with 1.5 marks each.

Step 2: Issue 1: The boundary dispute:
China claims Arunachal Pradesh in the east and India claims Aksai Chin in the Ladakh region.
The two countries do not agree on the McMahon Line and on the exact border. This is the main cause of tension.

Step 3: Issue 2: The Tibet question:
China took control of Tibet in 1950. India had earlier accepted Tibet as part of China.
In 1959 the Dalai Lama fled to India and was given asylum. China objected strongly to this.

Step 4: Issue 3: The war of 1962:
The border dispute turned into a war in October 1962 when China attacked India.
India suffered a military defeat and the war damaged mutual trust for many years. The Line of Actual Control is still not fully agreed.

Step 5: Issue 4: China and Pakistan:
China developed close ties with Pakistan and supported it with military help.
India sees this partnership as a threat to its own security, and it remains a point of dispute.

Final Answer:
The four issues of dispute are the boundary claims over Arunachal Pradesh and Aksai Chin, the Tibet question, the 1962 war with the unsettled border, and the China-Pakistan ties.