Question

Match List I with List II

List I	List II
(A). Inductive effect	(I). Delocalization of \(π\) electrons
(B). Hyper-conjugation	(II). Displacement of \(π\) electrons
(C). Resonance effect	(III). Delocalization of \(σ\) electrons
	(IV). Displacement of \(σ\) electrons

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. \((A)-(IV),(B)-(III),(C)-(I)\)
• B. \((A)-(II),(B)-(IV),(C)-(I)\)
• C. \((A)-(I),(B)-(II),(C)-(IV)\)
• D. \((A)-(III),(B)-(IV),(C)-(I)\)

Hint:

Inductive effect moves sigma electrons, hyperconjugation delocalises sigma electrons, resonance delocalises pi electrons.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Concept
Electronic effects describe how electrons shift in a molecule. The key is whether sigma or pi electrons are involved, and whether they are displaced or delocalised.

Step 2: Match (A) Inductive effect
It is the permanent shift of sigma bond electrons along a chain due to electronegativity difference. So (A) matches (IV), displacement of sigma electrons.

Step 3: Match (B) Hyperconjugation
It is the delocalisation of sigma electrons of a C-H bond next to a pi bond or empty p orbital. So (B) matches (III), delocalisation of sigma electrons.

Step 4: Match (C) Resonance effect
It is the delocalisation of pi electrons (or lone pairs) through conjugated pi systems. So (C) matches (I). Item (II), displacement of pi electrons, is the electromeric effect and is not asked.

Final Answer:
The correct matching is (A)-(IV), (B)-(III), (C)-(I), option (A). \[ \boxed{(A)-(IV),(B)-(III),(C)-(I)} \]