Question:
Match List-I with List-II
List-I List-II (A) Diffusion hypoxia (I) Methoxyfluorane (B) Volatile inhalant anesthetic agent with least blood-gas partition coefficient (II) Halothane (C) Most nephrotoxic volatile inhalant anesthetic agent (III) Nitrous oxide (D) Volatile inhalant anesthetic agent with lowest MAC (IV) Sevoflurane
Match List-I with List-II
| List-I | List-II |
|---|---|
| (A) Diffusion hypoxia | (I) Methoxyfluorane |
| (B) Volatile inhalant anesthetic agent with least blood-gas partition coefficient | (II) Halothane |
| (C) Most nephrotoxic volatile inhalant anesthetic agent | (III) Nitrous oxide |
| (D) Volatile inhalant anesthetic agent with lowest MAC | (IV) Sevoflurane |
Show Hint
- Lowest MAC = Highest Potency (e.g., Methoxyflurane, Halothane).
- Lowest Blood-Gas Coefficient = Fastest Induction/Recovery (e.g., Desflurane, Sevoflurane).
- Diffusion Hypoxia = Nitrous oxide.
- Lowest Blood-Gas Coefficient = Fastest Induction/Recovery (e.g., Desflurane, Sevoflurane).
- Diffusion Hypoxia = Nitrous oxide.
Updated On: Jul 23, 2026
- (A) - (III), (B) - (I), (C) - (IV), (D) - (II)
- (A) - (II), (B) - (I), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
- (A) - (IV), (B) - (I), (C) - (III), (D) - (II)
- (A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (II)
Show Solution
Verified By Collegedunia
The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Inhalant anesthetics are characterized by their physical properties, such as the blood-gas partition coefficient (which determines the speed of induction and recovery) and the Minimum Alveolar Concentration (MAC, which measures anesthetic potency).
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze and match the anesthetic properties listed in List-I with the agents in List-II:
- (A) Diffusion hypoxia:
Diffusion hypoxia (Fink effect) occurs during recovery when an insoluble gas like Nitrous oxide (III) rapidly diffuses out of the blood and into the alveoli, diluting oxygen and carbon dioxide, which can lead to hypoxia unless 100% oxygen is administered.
Thus, (A) matches with (III).
- (B) Volatile agent with least blood-gas partition coefficient:
The blood-gas partition coefficient of Sevoflurane (IV) is approximately $0.68$, which is the lowest among the volatile (liquid) inhalant agents in this list (Halothane is $2.54$, Methoxyflurane is $12.0$).
A lower coefficient leads to rapid induction and recovery.
Thus, (B) matches with (IV).
- (C) Most nephrotoxic volatile inhalant agent:
Methoxyflurane (I) undergoes extensive hepatic metabolism (up to 50%), releasing large amounts of inorganic fluoride ions, which cause dose-dependent renal proximal tubular necrosis (nephrotoxicity).
Thus, (C) matches with (I).
- (D) Volatile agent with lowest MAC:
The Minimum Alveolar Concentration (MAC) is inversely proportional to anesthetic potency.
Among the remaining options, Halothane (II) has a very low MAC (approx. 0.75% in dogs), making it highly potent.
Thus, (D) matches with (II).
Combining these matches, we get: (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(II).
Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct option is (D).
Inhalant anesthetics are characterized by their physical properties, such as the blood-gas partition coefficient (which determines the speed of induction and recovery) and the Minimum Alveolar Concentration (MAC, which measures anesthetic potency).
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze and match the anesthetic properties listed in List-I with the agents in List-II:
- (A) Diffusion hypoxia:
Diffusion hypoxia (Fink effect) occurs during recovery when an insoluble gas like Nitrous oxide (III) rapidly diffuses out of the blood and into the alveoli, diluting oxygen and carbon dioxide, which can lead to hypoxia unless 100% oxygen is administered.
Thus, (A) matches with (III).
- (B) Volatile agent with least blood-gas partition coefficient:
The blood-gas partition coefficient of Sevoflurane (IV) is approximately $0.68$, which is the lowest among the volatile (liquid) inhalant agents in this list (Halothane is $2.54$, Methoxyflurane is $12.0$).
A lower coefficient leads to rapid induction and recovery.
Thus, (B) matches with (IV).
- (C) Most nephrotoxic volatile inhalant agent:
Methoxyflurane (I) undergoes extensive hepatic metabolism (up to 50%), releasing large amounts of inorganic fluoride ions, which cause dose-dependent renal proximal tubular necrosis (nephrotoxicity).
Thus, (C) matches with (I).
- (D) Volatile agent with lowest MAC:
The Minimum Alveolar Concentration (MAC) is inversely proportional to anesthetic potency.
Among the remaining options, Halothane (II) has a very low MAC (approx. 0.75% in dogs), making it highly potent.
Thus, (D) matches with (II).
Combining these matches, we get: (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(II).
Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct option is (D).
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