Question

Match List-I (Philosophy) with List-II (Theorist): 

List-I (Philosophy)		List-II (Theorist)
(A)	Existentialism	(II)	Sartre
(B)	Idealism	(IV)	Hegel
(C)	Marxism	(I)	Gramsci
(D)	Pragmatism	(III)	Peirce

• A. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
• B. A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III
• C. A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III
• D. A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I

Hint:

Remember that Peirce founded pragmatism, Sartre is synonymous with existentialism, and Hegel is the absolute idealist.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Concept
This question links major Western philosophical schools (existentialism, idealism, Marxism, pragmatism) with their principal advocates or philosophers.

Step 2: Meaning
Each philosophical school has distinct tenets, represented primarily by key historic thinkers who established or popularized them.

Step 3: Analysis
[leftmargin=20pt, itemsep=3pt, topsep=4pt]
• A. Existentialism – II. Sartre: Jean-Paul Sartre was the preeminent French philosopher who defined modern existentialism around individual freedom, choice, and responsibility.
• B. Idealism – IV. Hegel: G.W.F. Hegel was a giant of German Idealism, proposing that reality is a product of absolute spirit or mind.
• C. Marxism – I. Gramsci: Antonio Gramsci was a highly influential Italian Marxist philosopher who expanded class-struggle concepts into cultural hegemony.
• D. Pragmatism – III. Peirce: Charles Sanders Peirce was an American logician and philosopher who is universally acknowledged as the founder of pragmatism.

Step 4: Conclusion
Matching gives us A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III, pointing directly to option (B). Final Answer: (B)