Question

Match List I (Categorical Pairs) with List II (Their Classification):
 

List I		List II
A.	Asrava-Nirjara	I.	Substance (Dravya) types
B.	Akash-kal	II.	Principle (Tattva) types
C.	Proshadhopavasa	III.	Concept of Merit/Demerit
D.	Shubhashubha	IV.	Educational Vow (Sikshavrata) types

 

• A. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
• B. A-II, B-IV, C-II, D-I
• C. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
• D. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III

Hint:

Always remember: 6 Dravyas are physical entities (Space, Time, Matter, etc.). 7 Tattvas are spiritual stages (Influx, Stopping, Shedding, etc.). Proshadhopavasa is a specific vow (Vrata) related to fasting.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Jainism uses very specific terminology to categorize physical and spiritual realities. These categories include the Substances (Dravyas) that make up the universe, the Principles (Tattvas) that define the path of the soul, and the Vows (Vratas) that govern the life of a householder.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let's analyze the pairs in List I to find their correct classification in List II:

1. Asrava-Nirjara (A): Asrava (influx of karma) and Nirjara (shedding of karma) are two of the seven fundamental principles or Tattvas (II). Asrava explains how a soul gets bonded, and Nirjara explains part of the process of how it gets liberated. These are existential principles, not physical substances.

2. Akash-kal (B): Akash (Space) and Kal (Time) are two of the six fundamental Substances (Dravyas) (I) in Jainism. These are the building blocks of the universe. Space provides the room for all other substances to exist, and Time facilitates the continuity and change of those substances.

3. Proshadhopavasa (C): This is a religious practice of fasting and remaining in meditation during specifically auspicious lunar days (like Ashtami and Chaturdashi). In the life of a layperson (Shravaka), it is classified as one of the four Educational Vows (Sikshavrata) (IV). These vows are intended to prepare the householder for the life of a monk.

4. Shubhashubha (D): This refers to the classification of actions or karmas as Shubha (meritorious/good) and Ashubha (demeritorious/bad). This is the core Concept of Merit/Demerit (III) (Punya and Papa). This dual nature of action is central to the theory of influx (Asrava) and bondage (Bandha).

The resulting sequence is A-II, B-I, C-IV, and D-III.

Step 3: Final Answer:
The concepts are matched with Tattvas, Dravyas, Sikshavratas, and Merit/Demerit respectively.