Question

Marriage between two Hindus can be solemnized under?

• A. Hindu Marriage Act, 1955
• B. Special Marriage Act, 1954
• C. Either (A) or (B)
• D. Only (A) and not (B)

Hint:

Personal Law (HMA) is a Right, but Secular Law (SMA) is an Option available to every Indian citizen, including Hindus.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Concept: Marriage in India is governed by both Personal Laws (based on religion) and Secular Laws (civil marriage).

• Hindu Marriage Act (HMA): Applies specifically to Hindus, Buddhists, Jains, and Sikhs.

• Special Marriage Act (SMA): A secular law that applies to all Indian citizens regardless of religion.

Step 1: The role of the Hindu Marriage Act.
Two Hindus traditionally marry using religious rites under the HMA, 1955. This requires ceremonies like the 'Saptapadi' (seven steps around the fire).

Step 2: The alternative under the Special Marriage Act.
The Special Marriage Act, 1954, provides a "Civil" method of marriage. Two Hindus can choose to ignore religious rites and marry via

Registration. This is often done to ensure a secular legal framework or to avoid specific religious restrictions. Because both laws are available to them, they can choose

Either (A) or (B).