Question

Kumiss is a sparkling fermented drink, it contains:

• A. 0.7% to 1% lactic acid, 0.7% to 2.5% alcohol,
• B. 0.7% to 1.5% lactic acid, 0.7% to 3.5% alcohol,
• C. 1.7% to 1.9% lactic acid, 1.7% to 2.5% alcohol,
• D. 1.0% to 1.7% lactic acid, 0.7% to 1.5% alcohol,

Hint:

Kumiss is characterized by a relatively balanced, mild acid-alcohol profile (\(\approx 1\%\) acid and \(1\text{--}2\%\) alcohol), distinguishing it from highly acidic Kefir.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Kumiss is a traditional, sparkling fermented milk beverage made from mare's milk, produced through a combined lactic acid and alcoholic fermentation process.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
- The fermentation of Kumiss is carried out by a symbiotic culture of lactic acid bacteria (such as Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus) and yeasts (such as Kluyveromyces marxianus).
- This dual fermentation process produces both lactic acid and ethanol.
- Standard Kumiss typically contains:
- Lactic acid: \(0.7\%\text{ to }1.0\%\) (which provides a clean, acidic taste).
- Alcohol (ethanol): \(0.7\%\text{ to }2.5\%\) (which provides a mild alcoholic sparkle).
- It is highly regarded for its therapeutic and nutritional value, particularly in Central Asia.

Step 3: Final Answer
Kumiss typically contains 0.7% to 1% lactic acid and 0.7% to 2.5% alcohol.