Question

Choose the duration of 'Phase-III' of population growth from the following.

• A. 1921-1951
• B. 1931-1961
• C. 1941-1971
• D. 1951-1981
• A. 1971-1981
• B. 1981-1991
• C. 1991-2001
• D. 2001-2011
• A. Phase-I
• B. Phase-II
• C. Phase-III
• D. Phase-IV

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Concept
Demographic history of India and the four distinct phases of its population growth.

Step 2: Meaning
Demographers divide India's population growth into four phases based on birth rates, death rates, and the resulting natural increase. Phase III represents a specific window of demographic explosion.

Step 3: Analysis

• Phase I (1901-1921) is known for stagnant growth due to very high birth and death rates.
• Phase II (1921-1951) is the period of steady population growth due to improvements in health and sanitation.
• Phase III (1951-1981) is recognized as the period of rapid high growth (population explosion) where death rates plummeted, but birth rates remained high.
• Phase IV (1981-Present) marks high growth with definite signs of slowing down as birth rates began to decline.

Step 4: Conclusion
Based on the standard demographic phases of India, Phase III occurred between 1951 and 1981. Final Answer: (D)

Answer 2

Step 1: Concept
Analyzing demographic data trends, specifically the crude birth rate (CBR) over time in India.

Step 2: Meaning
The crude birth rate indicates the number of live births per 1,000 people in a population per year. We must identify the lowest value among the provided timeframes.

Step 3: Analysis

• Evaluating the data for the decade 1971-1981, the crude birth rate was 37.2 per 1000.
• For the decade 1981-1991, it dropped to 29.5 per 1000.
• For the decade 1991-2001, it further decreased to 25.4 per 1000.
• For the decade 2001-2011, it reached its lowest point among the choices at 21.8 per 1000.

Step 4: Conclusion
The data clearly shows a steady downward trend, with the 2001-2011 decade recording the absolute lowest crude birth rate of 21.8. Final Answer: (D)

Answer 3

Step 1: Concept
The rate of natural increase in the context of the demographic transition phases.

Step 2: Meaning
The natural rate of increase is the difference between the birth rate and the death rate. We are looking for the demographic phase where this gap widened continuously over consecutive decades.

Step 3: Analysis

• In Phase-I (1901-1921), the natural increase fluctuated and even dipped (from 6.6 down to 0.9).
• In Phase-II (1921-1951), the rate showed minor fluctuations (10.2, then 8.7, then 12.5), not a continuous increase.
• In Phase-III (1951-1981), the rate of natural increase climbed continuously every decade: from 18.9 to 22.1, and then to 22.2.
• In Phase-IV (1981-2011), the rate began to decline continuously (19.7, 17.0, 14.7).

Step 4: Conclusion
Phase-III (1951-1981) is the only period where the natural growth rate maintained a continuous upward trajectory, leading to the population explosion. Final Answer: (C)