In the given political outline map of India (on page 17), four States have been marked as A, B, C and D. Identify these States on the basis of the information given below and write their correct names in your answer-book along with their respective serial number of the information used and the concerned alphabet given in the map as per the following format:
Question: 1
Identify the state related to Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri.
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Lal Bahadur Shastri was a veteran leader from the state of Uttar Pradesh (B), which has historically produced several of India's early Prime Ministers.
Step 1: Analyzing the Clue and Shastri's Biography:
Lal Bahadur Shastri, India's second Prime Minister (1964--1966) who famously led the country during the 1965 Indo-Pak War and popularized the slogan “Jai Jawan Jai Kisan”, hailed from northern India. He was born in Mughalsarai and built his active political career in the United Provinces (modern-day Uttar Pradesh). Step 2: Mapping the State to the Correct Letter:
On the political outline map of India:
• Alphabet B represents the northern state of Uttar Pradesh.
Therefore, the state related to Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri is Uttar Pradesh, marked by the letter B.
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Question: 2
Identify the state for which K. Kamaraj initiated the Mid-day Meal programme to increase enrolment in education.
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The pioneer of the Mid-day Meal scheme was K. Kamaraj, the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu (C). This progressive reform became a cornerstone of India's educational welfare policies.
Step 1: Analyzing the Clue and Kamaraj's Social Welfare Legacy:
K. Kamaraj was a legendary leader of the Congress party and served as the Chief Minister of Madras State from 1954 to 1963. To tackle high dropout rates, combat malnutrition, and incentivize poor parents to send their children to school, he introduced the revolutionary free Mid-day Meal Scheme in government primary schools. This program was later adopted as a national model. Step 2: Mapping the State to the Correct Letter:
On the political outline map of India:
• Alphabet C represents the southern peninsula state of Tamil Nadu (formerly Madras State).
Therefore, the state where K. Kamaraj initiated the Mid-day Meal scheme is Tamil Nadu, marked by the letter C.
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Question: 3
Identify the state in which the Congress Party did not get majority in the Assembly Elections of 1967, but formed a government with the support of other parties.
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To remember the 1967 post-poll alignments, contrast these two states:
$\bullet$ Rajasthan (D): Congress missed a majority but still formed the government with external support.
$\bullet$ Bihar (A): Congress failed and was replaced by a Non-Congress coalition government.
Step 1: Analyzing the Clue and the 1967 Elections:
The fourth General Elections of 1967 are often described as a “political earthquake” because the dominant Congress Party lost its majority in nine key states across India. In some of these states, Congress fell just short of a majority but managed to prevent the opposition from consolidating power by forming a government through coalitions. Step 2: The Political Crisis in Rajasthan:
In Rajasthan, the assembly elections resulted in a highly fragmented house. The Congress won 89 out of 184 seats, falling just short of a simple majority. Following a brief period of political deadlock and the temporary imposition of President's Rule, the Congress leader Mohan Lal Sukhadia successfully won over several independent MLAs and formed a government with their support. Step 3: Mapping the State to the Correct Letter:
On the political outline map of India:
• Alphabet D represents the western state of Rajasthan.
Therefore, the state is Rajasthan, marked by the letter D.
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Question: 4
Identify the state where a Non-Congress coalition government was formed after the Assembly Elections of 1967.
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In 1967, Bihar (A) became a key laboratory for coalition experiments under the SVD (Samyukta Vidhayak Dal) banner, proving that ideologically diverse parties could unite to challenge Congress dominance.
Step 1: Analyzing the Clue and the Rise of Coalition Politics:
The 1967 elections saw the emergence of the Samyukta Vidhayak Dal (SVD) coalitions, where highly diverse non-Congress parties (ranging from the socialists to the right-wing Jan Sangh) joined hands to keep the Congress out of power. Step 2: The SVD Government in Bihar:
In Bihar, the Congress suffered a severe defeat, winning only 128 out of 318 seats. This allowed a broad coalition of non-Congress parties to form the state's first Samyukta Vidhayak Dal (SVD) government, marking a historic shift toward multi-party coalition politics in northern India. Step 3: Mapping the State to the Correct Letter:
On the political outline map of India:
• Alphabet A represents the eastern state of Bihar.
Therefore, the state where a Non-Congress coalition government was formed is Bihar, marked by the letter A.
