Question

Given below are two statements
Statement I: Oxidative rancidty in ghee can be assessed by determination of peroxide value.
Statement II: Peroxide value is an indicator of products of secondary oxidation
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below

• A. Both Statement I and Statement II are true
• B. Both Statement I and Statement II are false
• C. Statement I is true but Statement II is false
• D. Statement I is false but Statement II is true

Hint:

The Peroxide Value measures primary oxidation products (hydroperoxides), while the Anisidine Value or TBA test is used to measure secondary oxidation products (aldehydes).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Lipid oxidation occurs in two main stages: primary oxidation and secondary oxidation.
Different analytical methods are used to measure the products formed during each stage.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze both statements:
Statement I: During the initial stage of lipid oxidation, oxygen reacts with unsaturated fatty acids to form lipid hydroperoxides.
The concentration of these primary oxidation products is measured analytically as the Peroxide Value (PV).
Therefore, the peroxide value can be used to assess the early stages of oxidative rancidity in ghee, making Statement I true.
Statement II: Hydroperoxides are unstable and break down during storage to form secondary oxidation products, such as aldehydes, ketones, and alcohols.
These secondary products are responsible for the off-flavors associated with rancidity.
The peroxide value measures only the primary hydroperoxides, not these secondary decomposition products.
Secondary oxidation is instead measured using assays like the Anisidine Value, Carbonyl Value, or Thiobarbituric Acid (TBA) test.
Therefore, Statement II is false.

Step 3: Final Answer:
Statement I is true, but Statement II is false.