Explain the transmission of optical signal through an optical fiber with a diagram.
Solution and Explanation
Optical fibers transmit light signals using the principle of total internal reflection. The light signals enter the fiber at an angle greater than the critical angle, which causes the light to be reflected entirely within the fiber. This continuous reflection ensures that the light travels through the fiber even if the fiber is bent. 
Top Questions on Ray optics and optical instruments
- A collimated beam of light of diameter 2 mm is propagating along the x-axis. The beam is required to be expanded into a collimated beam of diameter 14 mm using a system of two convex lenses. If the first lens has focal length 40 mm, then the focal length of the second lens is_____ mm.
- JEE Main - 2026
- Physics
- Ray optics and optical instruments
- In a microscope, the objective has a focal length \(f_o=2\) cm and the eye-piece has a focal length \(f_e=4\) cm. The tube length is 32 cm. The magnification produced by this microscope for normal adjustment is_____.
- JEE Main - 2026
- Physics
- Ray optics and optical instruments
- In parallax method for the determination of focal length of a concave mirror, the object should always be placed:
- JEE Main - 2026
- Physics
- Ray optics and optical instruments
\(XPQY\) is a vertical smooth long loop having a total resistance \(R\), where \(PX\) is parallel to \(QY\) and the separation between them is \(l\). A constant magnetic field \(B\) perpendicular to the plane of the loop exists in the entire space. A rod \(CD\) of length \(L\,(L>l)\) and mass \(m\) is made to slide down from rest under gravity as shown. The terminal speed acquired by the rod is _______ m/s.
- JEE Main - 2026
- Physics
- Ray optics and optical instruments
A biconvex lens is formed by using two plano-convex lenses as shown in the figure. The refractive index and radius of curvature of surfaces are also mentioned. When an object is placed on the left side of the lens at a distance of \(30\,\text{cm}\), the magnification of the image will be:
- JEE Main - 2026
- Physics
- Ray optics and optical instruments
Questions Asked in CBSE CLASS XII exam
- Find the general solution of the differential equation \[ y\log y\,\frac{dx}{dy}+x=\frac{2}{y}. \]
- CBSE CLASS XII - 2026
- Differential Equations
- A square loop of side 0.50 m is placed in a uniform magnetic field of 0.4 T perpendicular to the plane of the loop. The loop is rotated through an angle of 60° in 0.2 s. The value of emf induced in the loop will be:
- CBSE CLASS XII - 2026
- Electromagnetic induction
A racing track is built around an elliptical ground whose equation is given by \[ 9x^2 + 16y^2 = 144 \] The width of the track is \(3\) m as shown. Based on the given information answer the following:
(i) Express \(y\) as a function of \(x\) from the given equation of ellipse.
(ii) Integrate the function obtained in (i) with respect to \(x\).
(iii)(a) Find the area of the region enclosed within the elliptical ground excluding the track using integration.
OR
(iii)(b) Write the coordinates of the points \(P\) and \(Q\) where the outer edge of the track cuts \(x\)-axis and \(y\)-axis in first quadrant and find the area of triangle formed by points \(P,O,Q\).
- CBSE CLASS XII - 2026
- Integration
- Consider a cylindrical conductor of length \( l \) and area of cross-section \( A \). Current \( I \) is maintained in the conductor and electrons drift with velocity \( \vec{v}_d \, (|\vec{v}_d| = \frac{eE}{m} \tau) \), where symbols have their usual meanings. Show that the conductivity of the material of the conductor is given by \[ \sigma = \frac{n e^2 \tau}{m}. \]
- CBSE CLASS XII - 2026
- Current Density
- The painting Hazrat Nizamuddin Auliya and Amir Khusro belongs to which sub-school of Deccan Miniature?
- CBSE CLASS XII - 2026
- Indian Miniature Paintings and Museums