Explain the three components of change in world population.
Explain the three components of change in world population.
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Solution and Explanation
Population change means the rise or fall in the number of people in an area between two dates.
It depends on three components: births, deaths and migration. We explain all three for 3 marks.
Step 2: Component 1: Births:
The number of live births in a year adds to the population. It is shown as the birth rate, that is live births per thousand people.
Higher births raise the population quickly.
Step 3: Component 2: Deaths:
The number of deaths removes people from the population. It is shown as the death rate, that is deaths per thousand people.
The gap between births and deaths is called natural increase.
Step 4: Component 3: Migration:
Migration is the movement of people from one place to another.
Movement into an area (immigration) adds people and movement out of it (emigration) takes people away.
For the whole world migration only shifts people between places. For a region or country it changes the size and make-up of the population.
Final Answer:
The three components of population change are births, deaths and migration. Natural increase = births - deaths, and actual change also includes net migration.
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