Question

Explain India's stand on environmental issues.

Hint:

Mention common but differentiated responsibilities, low per capita emissions, the Kyoto Protocol, and use of cleaner energy at home.

Answer 1

Step 1: Point 1: common but differentiated responsibilities:
India says all countries must protect the environment, but the burden must be shared according to their share in the damage.
Developed countries caused most of the pollution in the past, so they must do more.

Step 2: Point 2: low per capita emissions:
India has a very low per capita emission of greenhouse gases compared with the developed nations.
It argues that its development needs must not be stopped by rules that treat all nations alike.

Step 3: Point 3: Kyoto Protocol:
India signed and ratified the Kyoto Protocol in 2002. As a developing country, it was not asked to cut emissions at that stage.

Step 4: Point 4: action at home:
India has taken steps such as the Energy Conservation Act 2001, a policy for use of cleaner fuel, and the promotion of renewable energy.
It also asks the developed world for funds and technology to help developing countries.

Final Answer:
India wants a fair sharing of duties, protects its development needs, supports Kyoto and acts at home.