Question

Explain any two differences between the traditional notions of external and internal security.

Hint:

External security guards the state from foreign military attack, while internal security keeps peace and order within the borders against internal threats.

Answer 1

Step 1: Understand the question:
In the traditional view, security means protecting a state from military danger. It has two sides: external security and internal security.
We explain any two differences between the two, 2 marks each.

Step 2: Difference 1: Source of the threat:
External security deals with danger from other states, for example an invasion or war. The threat comes from outside the borders.
Internal security deals with danger inside the country, such as armed rebellion or separatist violence. The threat arises within the borders.

Step 3: Difference 2: Means used:
To meet external threats states use armed forces, alliances, deterrence and balance of power.
For internal threats they depend on police, paramilitary forces, laws and political talks with the groups concerned. After 1945 many states felt safe inside, so external security got more attention.

Final Answer:
External security answers military threats from other states using armed forces and alliances. Internal security answers threats within the country using police, laws and talks.