Question:
Emphysema is a disease affecting
Emphysema is a disease affecting
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Emphysema specifically damages the alveoli (air sacs) in the lungs, commonly caused by chronic tobacco smoking.
Updated On: Jul 7, 2026
- liver
- lungs
- kidneys
- heart
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The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Concept:
Pathology questions often test the correlation between specific chronic diseases and the human organ systems they systematically damage. Emphysema is a primary component of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).
Step 1: In patients suffering from emphysema, the inner walls of the air sacs (alveoli) within the lungs are progressively damaged and rupture. This reduces the total respiratory surface area available for oxygen-carbon dioxide gas exchange, causing severe shortness of breath.
Step 2: Diseases affecting other organs have distinct medical terms: cirrhosis affects the liver, nephritis damages the kidneys, and atherosclerosis impacts the heart and blood vessels. Therefore, emphysema uniquely compromises lung health.
Step 1: In patients suffering from emphysema, the inner walls of the air sacs (alveoli) within the lungs are progressively damaged and rupture. This reduces the total respiratory surface area available for oxygen-carbon dioxide gas exchange, causing severe shortness of breath.
Step 2: Diseases affecting other organs have distinct medical terms: cirrhosis affects the liver, nephritis damages the kidneys, and atherosclerosis impacts the heart and blood vessels. Therefore, emphysema uniquely compromises lung health.
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