Question

Composting is

• A. Aerobic degradation of organic waste
• B. Anaerobic process
• C. Chemical oxidation
• D. Radiation process

Hint:

Remember: \[ \boxed{\text{Composting}=\text{Aerobic decomposition}} \] Biogas production is anaerobic, whereas composting requires oxygen.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Concept: Composting is a natural biological process in which microorganisms convert biodegradable organic wastes into a stable, nutrient-rich material called compost. This process requires a continuous supply of oxygen; therefore, it is an aerobic process. Compost improves soil fertility, water-holding capacity, and soil structure.

Step 1: Understand composting.
Organic materials such as:
• Vegetable and fruit wastes
• Dry leaves
• Crop residues
• Animal manure are decomposed by aerobic bacteria and fungi.

Step 2: Role of oxygen.
During composting:
• Oxygen is continuously required.
• Microorganisms oxidize organic matter.
• Heat is produced due to microbial activity.
• Stable compost rich in humus is formed. \[ \boxed{\text{Organic Waste} \longrightarrow \text{Aerobic Microorganisms} \longrightarrow \text{Compost}} \]

Step 3: Eliminate incorrect options.

• Anaerobic degradation produces biogas rather than compost.
• Chemical oxidation is not composting.
• Radiation plays no role in compost preparation.
• Composting is an aerobic degradation process. Final Answer: \[ \boxed{Option (A) is correct \]