Question

Bernier compared the Mughal Empire to the French monarchy, and particularly criticized the absence of private property rights in India. How does this comparison reflect Bernier’s own socio-political context?

• A. Advocacy for feudalism in Indian governance
• B. Support for absolutism and critiquing India
• C. Support of private property, leading to underestimating India
• D. Belief in the superiority of European legal structures

Hint:

Bernier’s critique is an example of how European scholars often misunderstood or underestimated non-European systems of governance, particularly when it came to property and legal frameworks.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Bernier’s comparison reflects his socio-political context, particularly his European perspective on governance and property rights. He criticized the Mughal Empire for the lack of private property rights, which he considered essential for the development of a stable and progressive society. His views were shaped by European ideas of property ownership and legal systems. By emphasizing private property, Bernier underestimated the socio-political and economic systems of India, which operated on a different set of norms and values. Thus, this comparison highlights his support for private property as a key component of societal progress.