Question

\begin{table}[h] \centering \begin{tabular}{|c|l|c|l|} \hline \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{List I} & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{List II}
\hline A & Molluscs & I & Pulmonary respiration only
B & Reptiles & II & Branchial respiration
C & Adult amphibians & III & Cellular respiration
D & Amoeba & IV & Pulmonary and Cutaneous respiration
\hline \end{tabular} \caption{Match List I with List II} \end{table} Choose the correct answer from the options given below :}

• A. A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV
• B. A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III
• C. A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV
• D. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III

Hint:

Logic Tip: "Branchial" = Gills (Aquatic Molluscs/Fishes). "Pulmonary" = Lungs (Reptiles/Mammals). "Cutaneous" = Skin (Earthworms/Amphibians).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Concept:
The mechanisms of breathing and gas exchange vary significantly among different animal groups, largely depending on their habitats and levels of structural organization. Matching organisms to their primary respiratory organs demonstrates evolutionary adaptations.
Step 1:
Most aquatic molluscs (like squids and clams) possess specialized feather-like gills called ctenidia situated in their mantle cavity for gas exchange. Respiration utilizing gills is termed Branchial respiration. Match: A $\rightarrow$ II
Step 2:
Reptiles are fully adapted to terrestrial life. They possess a well-developed respiratory system that exclusively utilizes lungs for gas exchange. Respiration utilizing lungs is termed Pulmonary respiration. Match: B $\rightarrow$ I
Step 3:
Adult amphibians (like frogs) exhibit dual respiratory modes. On land, they can use their rudimentary lungs (Pulmonary respiration). In water or while hibernating in soil, they respire directly across their highly vascularized, moist skin (Cutaneous respiration). Match: C $\rightarrow$ IV
Step 4:
Amoeba is a simple, unicellular organism. It lacks any specialized respiratory organs and simply exchanges gases directly across its cell membrane via simple diffusion from the surrounding water, relying on basic Cellular respiration. Match: D $\rightarrow$ III
Step 5:
Combining the physiological matches yields the sequence A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III. This sequence corresponds to Option (4).