Question

Assertion (A): The verse starting with "Tikkalechhadapaana..." belongs to the text Dravyasangraha.
Reason (R): Senses, Power, Age, and Breath are the life-forces (Pranas) by which living beings exist in the world.

• (A) and (R) are both true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
• (A) and (R) are both true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
• (A) is true but (R) is false
• (A) is false but (R) is true

Hint:

Verse 3 of Dravyasangraha: Tikkāle cadupāṇā... (In the three times, one who has the four/ten life-forces is a soul). Remember that "Prana" is only relevant for the worldly soul, not the liberated soul.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Dravyasangraha is a foundational Jain text written by Acharya Nemichandra Siddhantachakravarti. It provides a concise summary of the soul, non-soul, and the path to liberation. This question focuses on the definition of a Jiva (soul) in its mundane or worldly state.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
1. Analysis of Assertion (A): The verse mentioned is the third verse of Dravyasangraha. It defines the Jiva from the Vyavahara Naya (empirical perspective) as an entity that possesses ten types of Pranas (life-forces) across the three periods of time. This verse is the cornerstone of Jain biology. Therefore, (A) is true.
2. Analysis of Reason (R): The ten Pranas are: five senses (Indriya), three powers (Bala of mind, speech, and body), life-span (Ayu), and respiration (Shvasochhvasa). These are the physiological and psychic forces that sustain a soul in a physical body. Without these, a worldly soul cannot function. Thus, (R) is true.
3. Relationship: The reason (definition of Prana) is exactly what the verse in Dravyasangraha (Assertion A) explains. The verse exists specifically to state that a living being is one that possesses these life-forces. Therefore, (R) is the correct content-based explanation for (A).

Step 3: Final Answer:
Both statements are true, and (R) explains the content of the verse mentioned in (A).