Question

Assertion (A): Samayasara is one of the Angabahya Agamas.
Reason (R): Acharya Kundakunda’s works are part of the Digambara secondary canon.

• (A) and (R) are both true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (A) and (R) are both true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (A) is true but (R) is false.
• (A) is false but (R) is true.

Hint:

Always distinguish between "Canonical Agamas" (like Angas/Angabahya) and "Acharya-authored works" (like Samayasara, Tattvartha Sutra). The latter are post-canonical treatises.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The Jain Agamas (Canon) are divided into Angas (12 primary limbs) and Angabahya (secondary texts). In the Digambara tradition, it is believed that the original Angas were lost over time, and the works of great Acharyas like Kundakunda are treated as the primary authority today.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
1. Assertion (A) analysis: Angabahya specifically refers to 14 ancient canonical texts (like Dashavaikalika, Uttaradhyayana) that were outside the 12 Angas but still part of the original direct transmission from the Tirthankaras. Samayasara is a Prakarana Grantha (independent philosophical treatise) written by Acharya Kundakunda (approx. 2nd century AD). While it is highly revered, it is NOT classified as an "Angabahya Agama." Thus, (A) is false.
2. Reason (R) analysis: In the Digambara sect, since the original Agamas are considered mostly lost, the "Anuyogas" or the independent works of later Acharyas (especially Kundakunda, Umaswati, and Samantabhadra) serve as the functional canon. Therefore, it is true that Kundakunda's works are part of the secondary canon used by the tradition.
3. Conclusion: Since (A) misclassifies Samayasara into the ancient category of Angabahya, but (R) correctly identifies the status of the author's work in the tradition, Option 4 is the correct choice.

Step 3: Final Answer:
(A) is false and (R) is true.