Question

Assertion (A): The number of white winged moths decreased after industrialisation in England.
Reason (R): Effects of industrialisation were more marked in rural areas of England.

• A. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• B. Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• C. (A) is true, but (R) is false.
• D. (A) is false, but (R) is true.

Hint:

Industrial melanism in moths is a classic example of natural selection, where pollution from industrialization favored darker moths in urban areas.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: The number of white-winged moths decreased after industrialization in England due to industrial melanism, where darker moths were better camouflaged against soot-covered trees, making Assertion (A) true.
Step 2: The effects of industrialization, like soot deposition, were more pronounced in industrial urban areas, not rural areas, making Reason (R) false.
Step 3: Since (R) is incorrect, it cannot explain (A).
Thus, (A) is true, but (R) is false.