Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
IUPAC-IUBMB standardized single-letter amino acid notation.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Single-letter codes for the given amino acids:
- A = Alanine
- N = Asparagine (AsN)
- R = Arginine (aRginine)
- Q = Glutamine (Q-tamine)
(Other distinctive codes: K = Lysine, W = Tryptophan, Y = Tyrosine, D = Aspartate, E = Glutamate).
Step 3: Final Answer:
Thus, arginine is designated by the single letter code R, matching option (C).