Question

According to the Jain tradition, which of the following are included in the Six Daily Duties (Shadavashyaka) of a layperson?
A. Dhyanani
B. Samayika
C. Ratribhuktinishedha
D. Vandana
E. Kayotsarga

• A. Only A, C, D
• B. Only B, D, E
• C. Only C, D, E
• D. Only A, C, E

Hint:

Think of the "Vratas" vs. "Avashyakas." Samayika and Kayotsarga are active meditative duties, while Ratribhukti (night eating) is a standard vow but not listed as one of the "Six Essentials."

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The Shadavashyakas are the six mandatory daily duties intended to help a Jain householder maintain spiritual discipline and mindfulness throughout the day.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
While different sects have slightly different lists, the common "Abhyantara" (Internal) or general list for practitioners includes:
1. Samayika (B): Periodical meditation for equanimity.
2. Chaturvimshati Stava: Praising the 24 Tirthankaras.
3. Vandana (D): Paying respect to teachers/monks.
4. Pratikramana: Repentance for past sins.
5. Kayotsarga (E): Standing or sitting still, renouncing the body for meditation.
6. Pratyakhyana: Vowing to avoid future sins or specific foods/acts.
From the options: Samayika (B), Vandana (D), and Kayotsarga (E) are core daily duties.
(Note: Another popular layperson list is Devapuja, Gurupasasti, Svadhyaya, Sanyama, Tapa, and Dana, but the question options align with the ascetic/meditative list).

Step 3: Final Answer:
The daily duties included are Samayika, Vandana, and Kayotsarga.