Question

A mixture (X) contains two liquids with large difference in their boiling points. Another mixture (Y) contains two liquids with not much difference in their boiling points. Mixtures X and Y can be separated respectively by the methods

• A. Simple distillation, Steam distillation
• B. Simple distillation, Fractional distillation
• C. Fractional distillation, Simple distillation
• D. Steam distillation, Fractional distillation

Hint:

Large boiling point difference \[ \rightarrow \text{Simple Distillation} \] Small boiling point difference \[ \rightarrow \text{Fractional Distillation} \]

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Concept: Different separation methods are selected depending upon the difference in boiling points of liquids.

Step 1: Understand Simple Distillation. Simple distillation is used when the boiling point difference is large. Typically: \[ \Delta T > 25^\circ C \] The more volatile component vaporizes first and can be collected separately.

Step 2: Understand Fractional Distillation. Fractional distillation is used when boiling points are close. A fractionating column provides repeated vaporization and condensation. This improves separation efficiency.

Step 3: Apply to mixture X. Large boiling point difference: \[ \boxed{\text{Simple Distillation}} \]

Step 4: Apply to mixture Y. Small boiling point difference: \[ \boxed{\text{Fractional Distillation}} \]

Step 5: Final conclusion. \[ X=\text{Simple Distillation} \] \[ Y=\text{Fractional Distillation} \] Hence, \[ \boxed{\text{Option (B)}} \]