Question

Who among the following political thinkers consider the anarchic self-help system to be a compelling factor for States to maximise their relative power positions?

• A. Hans J. Morgenthau
• B. John Mearsheimer
• C. Kenneth Waltz
• D. Marysia Zalewski

Hint:

John Mearsheimer’s offensive realism highlights the importance of power maximization in an anarchic international system.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Theories of International Relations.
John Mearsheimer, a leading theorist in the field of international relations, argues that the anarchic self-help system is a key factor driving states to maximize their relative power to ensure their survival. This is central to his theory of offensive realism.
Step 2: Analysis of options.
- (1) Hans J. Morgenthau: While Morgenthau is a realist, his focus is more on the balance of power and human nature rather than the anarchy of the international system driving state behavior.
- (2) John Mearsheimer: Mearsheimer's offensive realism posits that anarchy forces states to constantly seek power to survive.
- (3) Kenneth Waltz: Waltz, a key figure in neorealism, emphasizes the structure of the international system, but does not focus on the aggressive pursuit of power as Mearsheimer does.
- (4) Marysia Zalewski: Zalewski is known for her work on gender and international relations, but not specifically on the anarchic self-help system.
Step 3: Conclusion.
The correct answer is (2) John Mearsheimer, as he emphasizes the role of anarchy in driving states to maximize their relative power positions.