Question

Which one of the following is correctly matched
A. Sugarcane: Kranz anatomy
B. Pineapple: C\(_4\) plant
C. Rice: C\(_3\) plant
D. Groundnut: C\(_3\) plant
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. A, C and D only
• B. A, B and D only
• C. A and B only
• D. B and D only

Hint:

To quickly sort photosynthetic pathways: 1. C3: Rice, Wheat, Soybeans, Groundnut. 2. C4: Sugarcane, Maize, Sorghum (exhibit Kranz anatomy). 3. CAM: Pineapple, Agave, Cacti, Orchids (succulent plants).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Terrestrial plants are classified into C3, C4, and CAM pathways based on their primary carbon dioxide fixation mechanisms and leaf anatomy.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze each plant matching:
A. Sugarcane: Kranz anatomy: Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) is a highly productive C4 grass.
All C4 plants feature a specialized leaf anatomy called Kranz anatomy, characterized by a ring of large bundle sheath cells surrounding the vascular bundle, surrounded by mesophyll cells. This is a correct match.
B. Pineapple: C\(_4\) plant: Pineapple (Ananas comosus) is a succulent plant adapted to tropical, semi-arid environments.
It utilizes Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM), opening its stomata at night to minimize water loss. It is a CAM plant, not a C4 plant. This is an incorrect match.
C. Rice: C\(_3\) plant: Rice (Oryza sativa) is a crop grown in standing water that utilizes the standard C3 pathway where Rubisco is the primary carboxylating enzyme. This is a correct match.
D. Groundnut: C\(_3\) plant: Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) is a leguminous crop that utilizes the C3 pathway. This is a correct match.
Therefore, matches A, C, and D are correct.

Step 3: Final Answer:
The correctly matched pairs are A, C, and D only, which corresponds to option (A).