Question:
Which of the following vegetable crop has brown anther type and petaloid type male sterility?
Which of the following vegetable crop has brown anther type and petaloid type male sterility?
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Male sterility systems are vital for hybrid seed production. Carrots are a classic example where different types of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) are found:
Petaloid CMS: Stamens turn into petals.
Brown Anther CMS: Anthers are brown, shriveled, and don't release pollen.
Petaloid CMS: Stamens turn into petals.
Brown Anther CMS: Anthers are brown, shriveled, and don't release pollen.
Updated On: Jul 2, 2026
- Onion
- Cabbage
- Carrot
- Radish
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The Correct Option is C
Approach Solution - 1
Male sterility is a condition where a plant cannot produce functional pollen. Different types of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) systems are used in hybrid seed production.
Petaloid CMS: In this type, the stamens (male reproductive parts) are transformed into petal-like structures, making them sterile.
Brown anther CMS: In this type, the anthers develop but are shriveled, non-dehiscent (do not release pollen), and often have a brown, necrotic appearance. Both petaloid CMS and brown anther CMS are well-documented and utilized in carrot (Daucus carota) for hybrid breeding.
(1) Onion: Has CMS systems (e.g., S-cytoplasm), but the primary expressions are different.
(2) Cabbage: Ogura CMS is famous, characterized by different abnormalities.
(3) Carrot: Known to exhibit both petaloid CMS (where stamens become petals) and brown anther CMS. These are distinct systems but both occur in carrot.
(4) Radish: Also utilizes CMS, but carrot is particularly noted for both these types. Therefore, carrot is the vegetable crop among the options that is well-known for having both brown anther type and petaloid type male sterility systems. Carrot
Petaloid CMS: In this type, the stamens (male reproductive parts) are transformed into petal-like structures, making them sterile.
Brown anther CMS: In this type, the anthers develop but are shriveled, non-dehiscent (do not release pollen), and often have a brown, necrotic appearance. Both petaloid CMS and brown anther CMS are well-documented and utilized in carrot (Daucus carota) for hybrid breeding.
(1) Onion: Has CMS systems (e.g., S-cytoplasm), but the primary expressions are different.
(2) Cabbage: Ogura CMS is famous, characterized by different abnormalities.
(3) Carrot: Known to exhibit both petaloid CMS (where stamens become petals) and brown anther CMS. These are distinct systems but both occur in carrot.
(4) Radish: Also utilizes CMS, but carrot is particularly noted for both these types. Therefore, carrot is the vegetable crop among the options that is well-known for having both brown anther type and petaloid type male sterility systems. Carrot
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Approach Solution -2
Matching CMS type to crop by elimination:
Onion's male sterility system is cytoplasmic (S-cytoplasm) but does not present with the distinct petaloid or brown-anther phenotypes; cabbage is best known for Ogura CMS, showing pale, nectarless flowers rather than petal-like stamens; radish also uses Ogura-type CMS.
Carrot is the crop specifically documented in breeding literature to show both distinct anther phenotypes - petaloid CMS (stamens converted into petal-like structures) and brown anther CMS (shrivelled, non-dehiscent, necrotic anthers) - both used side by side in commercial hybrid carrot seed production.
Eliminating onion, cabbage and radish on phenotype grounds leaves carrot as the correct answer.
Onion's male sterility system is cytoplasmic (S-cytoplasm) but does not present with the distinct petaloid or brown-anther phenotypes; cabbage is best known for Ogura CMS, showing pale, nectarless flowers rather than petal-like stamens; radish also uses Ogura-type CMS.
Carrot is the crop specifically documented in breeding literature to show both distinct anther phenotypes - petaloid CMS (stamens converted into petal-like structures) and brown anther CMS (shrivelled, non-dehiscent, necrotic anthers) - both used side by side in commercial hybrid carrot seed production.
Eliminating onion, cabbage and radish on phenotype grounds leaves carrot as the correct answer.
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