Question

Which of the following technique can replace conventional heat treatment in reducing microbial load of liquid dairy products?

• A. Reverse Osmosis
• B. Ultrafiltration
• C. Nanofiltration
• D. Microfiltration

Hint:

Microfiltration: non-thermal microbial reduction.
Removes bacteria and spores.
Alternative to pasteurization.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Non-thermal methods can reduce microbial load.
These methods are alternatives to heat treatment.
Step 2: Key Formula or Approach:
No specific formula.
Need to know the non-thermal methods.
Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
Microfiltration can reduce microbial load without heat.
It uses membranes to remove microorganisms.
Reverse Osmosis and Nanofiltration are for concentration.
Ultrafiltration is for protein separation.
Thus, microfiltration is the technique.
Step 4: Final Answer:
Microfiltration can replace conventional heat treatment.
Hence, the correct option is (D). \bigskip