Step 1: Concept
Intelligence is a complex cognitive ability involving the capacity for reasoning, problem-solving, planning, abstract thought, understanding language, learning, and adapting to new situations.
Step 2: Meaning
Each statement about intelligence needs to be evaluated for its accuracy based on current psychological understanding.
Step 3: Analysis
[leftmargin=20pt, itemsep=3pt, topsep=4pt]
• A) It is knowledge — NOT fully correct. Knowledge is a product of intelligence, but intelligence is broader than knowledge itself.
• B) It is memory — NOT fully correct. Memory plays a role in intelligence, but intelligence encompasses many other cognitive processes beyond memory alone.
• C) It is a guarantee against abnormal behaviour — NOT correct. Intelligence does not ensure absence of abnormal behavior; psychological and environmental factors can affect behavior regardless of intelligence level.
• D) It is simply a fund of intellectual competency — partially correct but incomplete; intelligence involves more than just a collection of competencies.
• E) It is a combination of numerous separate elements — this accurately describes the multifaceted nature of intelligence.
Step 4: Conclusion
Statements A, B, and C are not entirely correct about intelligence.
Final Answer: (B)