Question

Which of the following statements are correct?
The International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination was: -

• A. Signed in 1965 and entered into force in 1969.
• B. Signed in 1961 and entered into force in 1965.
• C. Signed in 1963 and entered into force in 1964.
• D. Signed in 1964 and entered into force in 1965.

Hint:

For major human rights conventions, always memorize the year of adoption and the year of entry into force, as they are frequently tested in competitive examinations.
ICERD (1965/1969) is one of the earliest core UN human rights treaties.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Question:
The question asks for the specific years of adoption (signature/opening for signature) and entry into force of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (ICERD).

Step 2: Key Legal Principles and Approach:
ICERD is a second-generation international human rights treaty designed to eliminate racial discrimination and promote understanding among all races.
It is monitored by the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD).

Step 3: Detailed Explanation:

• Adoption/Opening for Signature: The UN General Assembly adopted the Convention and opened it for signature on December 21, 1965, under Resolution 2106 (XX).

• Entry into Force: Under Article 19 of the Convention, it was set to enter into force on the thirtieth day after the deposit of the twenty-seventh instrument of ratification or accession.

• This requirement was met, and the Convention officially entered into force on January 4, 1969.

• This treaty represents a foundational legal instrument in international human rights law, imposing legally binding obligations on states parties to outlaw and prosecute racial discrimination in all public spheres.

• Comparing the dates with the options, Option (A) correctly identifies that the treaty was opened for signature in 1965 and entered into force in 1969.

Step 4: Final Answer:
The International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination was signed in 1965 and entered into force in 1969, making Option (A) the correct answer.