Question:
Which of the following situation indicate a state of premunity in bovine tropical theileriosis?
Which of the following situation indicate a state of premunity in bovine tropical theileriosis?
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Koch's Blue Bodies (KBB) represent the pathogenic schizont stage of *Theileria annulata*.
The presence of KBB indicates active clinical disease, whereas their absence indicates a subclinical carrier state or premunity.
The presence of KBB indicates active clinical disease, whereas their absence indicates a subclinical carrier state or premunity.
Updated On: Jul 14, 2026
- Low erythrocytic infection with absence of KBB
- High erythrocytic infection with absence of KBB
- High erythrocytic infection with high number of KBB
- Low erythrocytic infection with high number of KBB
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The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Premunity (also called concomitant immunity) is a state of resistance in which the host is immune to clinical reinfection by a parasite due to the persistent presence of a low-grade, subclinical population of the same parasite in the body.
Detailed Explanation:
Bovine tropical theileriosis, caused by Theileria annulata, involves two main development stages in the bovine host:
1. Schizont stage (Koch's Blue Bodies, KBB): This stage resides in lymphocytes. It is highly pathogenic and causes the clinical signs of the disease (fever, lymphadenopathy).
2. Piroplasm stage (Erythrocytic stage): This stage resides in red blood cells. It is responsible for anemia and transmission of the parasite to tick vectors.
In an animal that has successfully recovered from acute tropical theileriosis, the host's cell-mediated immune response clears the highly pathogenic lymphocytic schizonts (KBB) from the body.
However, a low level of erythrocytic piroplasms persists in the circulation.
This persistent, subclinical erythrocytic infection continuously stimulates the animal's immune system, maintaining protective immunity against clinical reinfection.
Therefore, a state of premunity is characterized by a low erythrocytic infection accompanied by the complete absence of Koch's Blue Bodies (KBB).
Step 2: Final Answer:
The situation indicating premunity is low erythrocytic infection with the absence of KBB.
Premunity (also called concomitant immunity) is a state of resistance in which the host is immune to clinical reinfection by a parasite due to the persistent presence of a low-grade, subclinical population of the same parasite in the body.
Detailed Explanation:
Bovine tropical theileriosis, caused by Theileria annulata, involves two main development stages in the bovine host:
1. Schizont stage (Koch's Blue Bodies, KBB): This stage resides in lymphocytes. It is highly pathogenic and causes the clinical signs of the disease (fever, lymphadenopathy).
2. Piroplasm stage (Erythrocytic stage): This stage resides in red blood cells. It is responsible for anemia and transmission of the parasite to tick vectors.
In an animal that has successfully recovered from acute tropical theileriosis, the host's cell-mediated immune response clears the highly pathogenic lymphocytic schizonts (KBB) from the body.
However, a low level of erythrocytic piroplasms persists in the circulation.
This persistent, subclinical erythrocytic infection continuously stimulates the animal's immune system, maintaining protective immunity against clinical reinfection.
Therefore, a state of premunity is characterized by a low erythrocytic infection accompanied by the complete absence of Koch's Blue Bodies (KBB).
Step 2: Final Answer:
The situation indicating premunity is low erythrocytic infection with the absence of KBB.
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