Question:
Which of the following method can be used for sterilization of seeds to be used in tissue culture?
Which of the following method can be used for sterilization of seeds to be used in tissue culture?
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A typical seed sterilization protocol involves a brief rinse in $70\%$ ethanol, followed by treatment with $1-2\%$ sodium hypochlorite or $0.1\%$ mercuric chloride, and final thorough washes with sterile distilled water.
Updated On: Jul 23, 2026
- Surface sterilization using sterilizing agents
- Dry heat
- Flame sterilization
- Air blown through laminar flow
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The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Plant tissue culture requires completely sterile conditions to prevent microbial contamination from outcompeting the explant.
Since seeds collected from nature harbor surface-dwelling bacteria and fungal spores, they must undergo sterilization before inoculation.
The selected sterilization method must eliminate external contaminants without damaging the living embryo inside the seed.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze the viability and safety of each listed method for seed sterilization.
Dry heat (using an oven) and flame sterilization are physical methods that use high temperatures.
These extreme temperatures would denature cellular proteins and kill the living embryo inside the seed, making it unable to germinate.
Thus, Options (B) and (C) are incorrect.
Air blown through a laminar flow hood is filtered through HEPA filters to maintain an aseptic work area, but it cannot actively sterilize or remove microbes already adhering to the seed coat.
Thus, Option (D) is incorrect.
Surface sterilization using chemical sterilizing agents is the standard method for seed sterilization.
Seeds are treated with specific concentrations of disinfectants such as sodium hypochlorite, calcium hypochlorite, mercuric chloride, or hydrogen peroxide, often combined with ethanol.
This chemical treatment kills surface pathogens while the protective seed coat prevents the sterilizing agents from reaching and harming the delicate embryo inside.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Surface sterilization using sterilizing agents is the correct method for sterilizing seeds for tissue culture.
This corresponds to Option (A).
Plant tissue culture requires completely sterile conditions to prevent microbial contamination from outcompeting the explant.
Since seeds collected from nature harbor surface-dwelling bacteria and fungal spores, they must undergo sterilization before inoculation.
The selected sterilization method must eliminate external contaminants without damaging the living embryo inside the seed.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze the viability and safety of each listed method for seed sterilization.
Dry heat (using an oven) and flame sterilization are physical methods that use high temperatures.
These extreme temperatures would denature cellular proteins and kill the living embryo inside the seed, making it unable to germinate.
Thus, Options (B) and (C) are incorrect.
Air blown through a laminar flow hood is filtered through HEPA filters to maintain an aseptic work area, but it cannot actively sterilize or remove microbes already adhering to the seed coat.
Thus, Option (D) is incorrect.
Surface sterilization using chemical sterilizing agents is the standard method for seed sterilization.
Seeds are treated with specific concentrations of disinfectants such as sodium hypochlorite, calcium hypochlorite, mercuric chloride, or hydrogen peroxide, often combined with ethanol.
This chemical treatment kills surface pathogens while the protective seed coat prevents the sterilizing agents from reaching and harming the delicate embryo inside.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Surface sterilization using sterilizing agents is the correct method for sterilizing seeds for tissue culture.
This corresponds to Option (A).
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