Question

Which of the following are regarded as right knowledge according to Jainism? \[ \text{A. Avadhi} \] \[ \text{B. Anadhyavasaya} \] \[ \text{C. Manahparyaya} \] \[ \text{D. Viparyaya} \] \[ \text{E. Kevala} \]

• A. A, B and E only
• B. A, C and D only
• C. A, C and E only
• D. B, C and E only

Hint:

In Jainism, Avadhi, Manahparyaya and Kevala are valid forms of higher knowledge, while Viparyaya means wrong knowledge.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Concept:
In Jain philosophy, right knowledge is very important for liberation. Jainism accepts different forms of knowledge, including higher forms of direct knowledge. Important forms of right knowledge include: \[ \text{Avadhi Jnana} \] \[ \text{Manahparyaya Jnana} \] \[ \text{Kevala Jnana} \]

Step 1: Check Avadhi.
Avadhi Jnana means clairvoyant knowledge. It is accepted as a valid form of knowledge in Jainism. So: \[ A = \text{Correct} \]

Step 2: Check Anadhyavasaya.
Anadhyavasaya means indefinite or unclear cognition. It is not regarded as right knowledge. So: \[ B = \text{Incorrect} \]

Step 3: Check Manahparyaya.
Manahparyaya Jnana means telepathic knowledge or knowledge of another person's mental states. It is accepted as right knowledge in Jainism. So: \[ C = \text{Correct} \]

Step 4: Check Viparyaya.
Viparyaya means wrong cognition or error. It cannot be right knowledge. So: \[ D = \text{Incorrect} \]

Step 5: Check Kevala.
Kevala Jnana means perfect knowledge or omniscience. It is the highest form of knowledge in Jainism. So: \[ E = \text{Correct} \]

Step 6: Final conclusion.
The right forms of knowledge are: \[ A,\ C,\ E \] Hence: \[ \boxed{\text{(C) A, C and E only}} \]