Question:

Which of the following annuals are directly sown in the beds?
(A) Pansy
(B) Nasturtium
(C) Stock
(D) Hollyhock
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Show Hint

As a general rule of thumb in floriculture:
- Large-seeded annuals (like Nasturtium, Sunflower, Sweet Pea, and Morning Glory) are directly sown.
- Small-seeded annuals (like Petunia, Phlox, Pansy, and Marigold) are started in a nursery and transplanted.
  • (A) and (B) only.
  • (A) and (C) only.
  • (A) and (D) only.
  • (B) and (D) only.
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The Correct Option is D

Solution and Explanation

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Ornamental annuals are propagated by seed and are classified based on their planting requirements into:
- Annuals that must be started in a nursery and transplanted.
- Annuals that are sown directly into their final garden beds.
Direct-sown annuals typically have large seeds, fast growth, or delicate root systems that do not tolerate transplantation shock well.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:

Let us analyze each of the listed annuals:
(A) Pansy, (C) Stock:
These annuals have very tiny seeds and slow early growth.
They are started in nursery trays under controlled conditions and transplanted into garden beds once they develop 4--6 true leaves.
Thus, (A) and (C) are not directly sown.
(B) Nasturtium:
Nasturtium has large, hardy seeds and a sensitive, fragile root system.
It does not tolerate root disturbance and often fails if transplanted.
Therefore, it is always sown directly into its final garden beds.
Thus, (B) is directly sown.
(D) Hollyhock:
Hollyhock is a tall, fast-growing biennial/annual with a deep taproot system.
Because taproots are easily damaged during transplantation, sowing the seeds directly into their final location is highly recommended to ensure healthy root and stem development.
Thus, (D) is directly sown.

Step 3: Final Answer:

Nasturtium (B) and Hollyhock (D) are directly sown in garden beds.
This corresponds to Option (D).
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