Question:
The superiority of an $\text{F}_1$ hybrid over both of its parents in terms of yield or some other characters is known as}
The superiority of an $\text{F}_1$ hybrid over both of its parents in terms of yield or some other characters is known as}
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Heterosis is genetically explained by three main hypotheses: Dominance hypothesis (Davenport), Overdominance hypothesis (Shull and East), and Epistasis (interaction of genes).
Updated On: Jul 10, 2026
- Mutation
- Polyploidy
- Luxuriance
- Heterosis
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The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Crossing genetically diverse inbred lines often results in progeny that show enhanced physiological vigor, growth rate, reproductive output, and yield compared to the parental lines.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
- Heterosis (Hybrid Vigor): First defined systematically by G.H. Shull in 1914, heterosis refers to the phenotypic superiority of an $\text{F}_1$ hybrid over its mid-parent value or over the better parent.
It is widely exploited in commercial floriculture and olericulture to develop high-yielding, uniform, and pest-resistant $\text{F}_1$ cultivars.
- Mutation: A sudden heritable change in the nucleotide sequence of an organism's genome.
- Polyploidy: The state of possessing more than two complete sets of chromosomes.
- Luxuriance (or Pseudo-heterosis): The physical overgrowth of a hybrid without a corresponding increase in fitness or yield.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The term representing the superiority of an $\text{F}_1$ hybrid over its parents is heterosis.
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