Action of thionyl chloride on ethanol to form ethyl chloride.
Formation of cyclohexanol from phenol by catalytic hydrogenation.
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The Correct Option isC
Solution and Explanation
Concept:
Atom economy measures how efficiently reactants are converted into desired products.
• High atom economy: Most atoms end up in desired product
• Low atom economy: Significant by-products formed
Step 1: Analyze reactions.
• (A) Grignard formation: Minimal waste
• (B) HX addition to alkene: All atoms incorporated
• (C) $\text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{OH} + \text{SOCl}_2 \rightarrow \text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{Cl} + \text{SO}_2 + \text{HCl}$
Large amount of gaseous by-products $\rightarrow$ poor atom economy
• (D) Hydrogenation: Nearly all atoms utilized
Step 2: Conclusion.
Thus, reaction with thionyl chloride does not exhibit good atom economy.
Final Answer: Option (C)