Question

Which biochemical test identifies Streptococcus agalactiae via an enhanced hemolysis pattern?

• A. CAMP Test
• B. Catalase Test
• C. Coagulase Test
• D. Oxidase Test

Hint:

{CAMP Test} produces an {arrowhead-shaped enhanced hemolysis} with \textit{Staphylococcus aureus}, indicating \textit{Streptococcus agalactiae}.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Concept: Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus) is an important pathogen, particularly in neonatal infections. The CAMP test is used to identify this bacterium. It is based on the synergistic hemolysis produced when the CAMP factor secreted by S. agalactiae interacts with the $\beta$-hemolysin of Staphylococcus aureus. This interaction produces a characteristic arrowhead-shaped zone of enhanced hemolysis on blood agar.
Step 1: Identify the test used to detect enhanced hemolysis in S. agalactiae.

• CAMP Test – Detects enhanced hemolysis and identifies Streptococcus agalactiae.
• Catalase Test – Differentiates Staphylococcus from Streptococcus.
• Coagulase Test – Identifies Staphylococcus aureus.
• Oxidase Test – Used mainly for Gram-negative bacteria.

Thus, the biochemical test used to identify Streptococcus agalactiae is the CAMP Test.