Concept:
The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), 2023, has replaced the Indian Penal Code (IPC), 1860. While many punishments remain the same, some historical ones have been formally removed, and new ones added.
Step 1: Listing the Valid Punishments under BNS Section 4.
1.
Death 2.
Imprisonment for Life
3.
Imprisonment (Rigorous or Simple) 4.
Forfeiture of Property
5.
Fine 6.
Community Service (The newly added punishment)
Step 2: Identifying the obsolete punishment.
"Transportation for Life" was a colonial-era punishment.
It involved sending convicts to overseas penal colonies (like the Andamans).
This was effectively replaced by Life Imprisonment long ago and is completely absent from the modern Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023. On the other hand,
Community Service was introduced for the first time in 2023 for petty offenses to promote reformative justice.