Question

Which among the following are not the part of the fundamental duties as mentioned in Article 51 A of the Constitution of India?
A. To render national service when called upon to do so.
B. To have compassion for living creatures.
C. To develop the spirit of inquiry and reform.
D. To raise the level of nutrition.
E. To promote international peace and security.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. A, B and C only
• B. D and E only
• C. E only
• D. D only

Hint:

Fundamental Duties (51A) are for "We the Citizens."
Directive Principles (36-51) are for "The Government."
If it sounds like a policy goal (nutrition, international peace), it's likely a DPSP.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Concept: The Indian Constitution separates the obligations of citizens (Fundamental Duties) from the goals of the state (Directive Principles of State Policy). This question asks to identify which items are not Fundamental Duties.

Step 1: Verifying Fundamental Duties (Article 51A).
The following are actual Fundamental Duties:
• A. Render national service: (Article 51A(d)) – To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so.
• B. Compassion for living creatures: (Article 51A(g)) – To protect and improve the natural environment... and to have compassion for living creatures.
• C. Spirit of inquiry and reform: (Article 51A(h)) – To develop the scientific temper, humanism, and the spirit of inquiry and reform.

Step 2: Identifying the DPSP Exceptions.
The remaining options are goals for the State, not duties for the Citizen:
• D. Raise the level of nutrition: This is a Directive Principle under Article 47. It is the duty of the State to raise the level of nutrition and the standard of living.
• E. Promote international peace: This is a Directive Principle under Article 51. It directs the State to promote international peace and security.

Step 3: Conclusion.
Since D and E are Directive Principles and not Fundamental Duties, they are the correct "not part of" answers.