Question

Which agency implemented world's biggest dairy development project in three phases in India?

• A. National Dairy Development Board
• B. State Cooperative Milk Marketing Federations
• C. National Dairy Research Institute
• D. Indian Veterinary Research Institute

Hint:

Operation Flood and the National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) are closely associated with Dr. Verghese Kurien.
The program turned India from a milk-importing country into a leading global milk producer.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The rapid expansion of the Indian dairy sector, known as the "White Revolution," was achieved through "Operation Flood," the largest dairy development program in the world.
Detailed Explanation:
Operation Flood was launched in 1970 to create a nationwide milk grid using the cooperative "Anand Pattern" model.
The project was designed and executed in three phases over 26 years (1970--1996) by the National Dairy Development Board (NDDB).
- Phase I (1970--1980): Focused on linking 18 major rural milk sheds with consumers in metropolitan cities.
- Phase II (1981--1985): Expanded the milk sheds to 136 and established a network of urban markets and rural cooperatives.
- Phase III (1985--1996): Consolidated the cooperative network, improved animal productivity, and established self-sustaining dairy infrastructures.
The NDDB, founded under the leadership of Dr. Verghese Kurien, served as the primary implementing agency.
The other options represent regional marketing federations (cooperatives) or national academic and research institutions (NDRI, IVRI) which did not manage the national implementation of the project.

Step 2: Final Answer:
The National Dairy Development Board implemented the project.