Question

When is World International Justice Day celebrated?

• A. \(20^{\text{th}}\) March
• B. \(21^{\text{st}}\) April
• C. \(17^{\text{th}}\) July
• D. \(21^{\text{st}}\) July

Hint:

Associate International Justice Day directly with the signing of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC). Because this fundamental treaty was adopted on 17th July 1998, that specific date is permanently dedicated to global criminal justice.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Concept: World Day for International Justice, also referred to simply as International Justice Day or Day of International Criminal Justice, is celebrated globally to recognize the evolving and strengthening system of international criminal accountability. It aims to honor the collective global efforts targeted towards preventing egregious crimes that threaten the peace, security, and well-being of the world, while securing justice for victims of atrocities worldwide.

Step 1:
The historical significance of choosing

July 17 dates back directly to the year 1998. On this day, the international community achieved a monumental legal milestone by adopting the Rome Statute.

Step 2:
The Rome Statute is the foundational, multi-lateral treaty that established the International Criminal Court (ICC), an independent, permanent global judicial body headquartered in The Hague, Netherlands. The ICC was created to exercise jurisdiction over individuals responsible for committing the gravest international crimes when national judicial structures are unable or unwilling to prosecute. These core crimes include:

• Genocide: Acts committed with the structural intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial, or religious group.

• Crimes Against Humanity: Widespread or systematic attacks directed against any civilian population.

• War Crimes: Serious violations of customary international humanitarian law committed during armed conflicts (e.g., Geneva Conventions violations).

• The Crime of Aggression: The use of armed force by a State against the sovereignty, territorial integrity, or political independence of another State.
Celebrating this day serves as a yearly reminder for member nations to bolster international law, support human rights protection, and ensure that perpetrators of macro-scale violations do not enjoy impunity.

Step 3:
Let us systematically analyze the alternative dates listed in the options to see why they are incorrect:

• \(20^{\text{th}}\) March: This day is designated by the United Nations as the International Day of Happiness to recognize the importance of happiness and well-being as universal goals. It is also celebrated globally as World Sparrow Day to raise awareness about the conservation of house sparrows.

• \(21^{\text{st}}\) April: In the Indian administrative framework, this day is celebrated as National Civil Services Day. This marks the occasion in 1947 when Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel addressed the first batch of civil servants at Metcalf House, referring to them as the "steel frame of India."

• \(21^{\text{st}}\) July: This date does not correspond to any primary, globally recognized legal or statutory international milestone.
Thus, evaluating the exact treaty origin confirms that July 17 is the definitive date.