When flow is critical through open channel :
A. The specific energy is minimum for a given discharge.
B. The discharge is maximum for a given specific energy.
C. The specific force is minimum for a given discharge.
D. Froude number of the flow is equal to unity.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
A. The specific energy is minimum for a given discharge.
B. The discharge is maximum for a given specific energy.
C. The specific force is minimum for a given discharge.
D. Froude number of the flow is equal to unity.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
Show Hint
- A, B and C only
- A, B and D only
- A, B, C and D
- B, C and D only
The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Analyze Energy and Discharge (A & B).
For a constant discharge, the specific energy curve shows a minimum point at the critical depth ($y_c$). Conversely, for a fixed energy level, the maximum possible discharge through the channel occurs at this same critical state.
Step 2: Analyze Specific Force (C).
The specific force ($F$) is the sum of momentum flux and hydrostatic pressure. Similar to the energy curve, the specific force curve reaches its minimum value at the critical depth for a constant discharge.
Step 3: Analyze Froude Number (D).
The Froude number ($Fr$) is defined as $v / \sqrt{gy}$. At critical flow, $v = \sqrt{gy_c}$, meaning $Fr = 1$. This is the mathematical definition of the critical state.
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