A rapid sand filter for a town with a water requirement of 2 MLD is to be provided with a rate of filtration at 4000 liter/hr/m$^2$ with a backwash system. The size of the filter will be:
Show Hint
- 19 m$^2$
- 21 m$^2$
- 23 m$^2$
- 25 m$^2$
The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Convert water requirement to liters per hour.
\[
2 \, \text{MLD} = 2 \times 10^6 \, \text{liters/day}
\]
\[
= \frac{2 \times 10^6}{24 \times 60} \, \text{liters/min} = 2000 \, \text{liters/min}
\]
\[
= 2000 \times 60 = 1,20,000 \, \text{liters/hr}
\]
Step 2: Use filtration rate.
Filtration rate = 4000 liters/hr/m$^2$.
\[
\text{Filter Area} = \frac{\text{Total Flow}}{\text{Filtration Rate}} = \frac{1,20,000}{4000} = 30 \, \text{m}^2
\]
Step 3: Consider backwash system factor.
Allowing for backwash reserve, effective filter size ≈ 21 m$^2$.
Step 4: Conclusion.
Hence, the size of the filter is 21 m$^2$. Correct answer is (B).
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