Question:
Volute is the part of which of the following types of pumps?
Volute is the part of which of the following types of pumps?
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Remember the energy conversion in a centrifugal pump:
- Impeller \(\rightarrow\) Converts mechanical energy to kinetic energy (increases fluid velocity).
- Volute casing \(\rightarrow\) Gradually expanding area converts kinetic energy to static pressure (increases fluid pressure).
- Impeller \(\rightarrow\) Converts mechanical energy to kinetic energy (increases fluid velocity).
- Volute casing \(\rightarrow\) Gradually expanding area converts kinetic energy to static pressure (increases fluid pressure).
Updated On: Jul 23, 2026
- Centrifugal pump
- Piston pump
- Gear pump
- Screw pump
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The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
In fluid mechanics and dairy engineering, pumps are classified into dynamic (such as centrifugal) and positive-displacement (such as piston, gear, and screw) types.
Each pump category uses a distinct mechanical design to transfer fluids and increase pressure.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze the construction and working of a centrifugal pump:
- A centrifugal pump operates by converting rotational kinetic energy from an motor-driven impeller into hydrodynamic energy of the fluid.
- The liquid enters the pump housing along the rotating axis (the eye of the impeller) and is accelerated radially outward by the impeller blades.
- The fluid then exits the impeller at a high velocity.
- To convert this high kinetic energy (velocity head) into useful static pressure (pressure head), the liquid is discharged into a specially designed casing called the volute.
- The volute is a spiral-shaped casing with a cross-sectional area that increases gradually toward the discharge nozzle.
- As the cross-sectional area expands, the fluid velocity decreases according to the continuity equation, which increases the static pressure according to Bernoulli's principle.
- Piston, gear, and screw pumps are positive-displacement pumps that rely on expanding and contracting cavities to move fluids, and do not use a volute casing.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The volute is a characteristic spiral casing found in centrifugal pumps.
In fluid mechanics and dairy engineering, pumps are classified into dynamic (such as centrifugal) and positive-displacement (such as piston, gear, and screw) types.
Each pump category uses a distinct mechanical design to transfer fluids and increase pressure.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze the construction and working of a centrifugal pump:
- A centrifugal pump operates by converting rotational kinetic energy from an motor-driven impeller into hydrodynamic energy of the fluid.
- The liquid enters the pump housing along the rotating axis (the eye of the impeller) and is accelerated radially outward by the impeller blades.
- The fluid then exits the impeller at a high velocity.
- To convert this high kinetic energy (velocity head) into useful static pressure (pressure head), the liquid is discharged into a specially designed casing called the volute.
- The volute is a spiral-shaped casing with a cross-sectional area that increases gradually toward the discharge nozzle.
- As the cross-sectional area expands, the fluid velocity decreases according to the continuity equation, which increases the static pressure according to Bernoulli's principle.
- Piston, gear, and screw pumps are positive-displacement pumps that rely on expanding and contracting cavities to move fluids, and do not use a volute casing.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The volute is a characteristic spiral casing found in centrifugal pumps.
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