Question:
The two articles inserted by the Indian Parliament in the Constitution of India in the year 1976, directs to protect and improve the environment, safeguard forests and wildlife of the country are ______________
The two articles inserted by the Indian Parliament in the Constitution of India in the year 1976, directs to protect and improve the environment, safeguard forests and wildlife of the country are ______________
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Remember: 48A is for the State (Government), and 51A(g) is for the Citizen (You). Both are essential for holistic conservation.
Updated On: Aug 20, 2026
- 48 A and 51 A
- 49 A and 50A
- 47 and 50
- 49 and 50
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The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Question:
The question asks to identify the two specific constitutional provisions added via the 42nd Amendment in 1976 that mandate the protection of the environment and forests.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
• In 1976, during the tenure of the Indira Gandhi government, the 42nd Amendment Act made significant changes to the Indian Constitution, including the addition of environmental protection as a state duty and a fundamental duty of citizens.
• Article 48A: Inserted into the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP), it states: "The State shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wildlife of the country."
• Article 51A(g): Inserted into the Fundamental Duties, it states: "It shall be the duty of every citizen of India to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wildlife, and to have compassion for living creatures."
• These articles provided the constitutional backbone for subsequent laws like the Forest Conservation Act (1980) and the Environment Protection Act (1986) and allowed for judicial activism in environmental cases.
• Options B, C, and D contain articles that deal with other matters like the protection of monuments, separation of judiciary, or general welfare and do not specifically target forests/environment in the 1976 context.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The articles are 48 A and 51 A.
The question asks to identify the two specific constitutional provisions added via the 42nd Amendment in 1976 that mandate the protection of the environment and forests.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
• In 1976, during the tenure of the Indira Gandhi government, the 42nd Amendment Act made significant changes to the Indian Constitution, including the addition of environmental protection as a state duty and a fundamental duty of citizens.
• Article 48A: Inserted into the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP), it states: "The State shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wildlife of the country."
• Article 51A(g): Inserted into the Fundamental Duties, it states: "It shall be the duty of every citizen of India to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wildlife, and to have compassion for living creatures."
• These articles provided the constitutional backbone for subsequent laws like the Forest Conservation Act (1980) and the Environment Protection Act (1986) and allowed for judicial activism in environmental cases.
• Options B, C, and D contain articles that deal with other matters like the protection of monuments, separation of judiciary, or general welfare and do not specifically target forests/environment in the 1976 context.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The articles are 48 A and 51 A.
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