Question

The refrigeration system works ............. law of thermodyanmics.

• A. Zeroth law
• B. First law
• C. Second law
• D. Newton Rikhman law

Hint:

The performance of a refrigeration system is defined by its Coefficient of Performance (COP).
The theoretical limit of COP is established by the Carnot Cycle, which is derived from the Second Law of Thermodynamics.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The transfer of thermal energy naturally occurs from a region of higher temperature to a region of lower temperature.
Reversing this direction to transfer heat from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir requires a refrigeration cycle governed by thermodynamics.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
1. The Second Law of Thermodynamics dictates the direction of spontaneous thermal processes.
2. Specifically, the Clausius Statement of the Second Law states:
"It is impossible to construct a device that operates in a cycle and produces no other effect than the transfer of heat from a lower-temperature body to a higher-temperature body."
3. A refrigerator functions by absorbing heat from a cold space and releasing it to warmer surroundings.
4. According to the Second Law, this process cannot happen spontaneously; it requires external mechanical work (provided by the compressor motor) to drive the heat transfer against the temperature gradient.

Step 3: Final Answer:
Refrigeration systems are based on and governed by the Second Law of Thermodynamics.