Question:
The number of s, p, and d-electrons present in gallium is respectively:
The number of s, p, and d-electrons present in gallium is respectively:
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Identify the complete electronic configuration first; then sum electrons in each type of orbital (s, p, d) to answer.
Updated On: Jul 18, 2026
- 8, 10, 13
- 8, 15, 8
- 6, 15, 10
- 8, 13, 10
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The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Write electronic configuration of gallium.
Gallium (Z = 31): \[ 1s^2\,2s^2\,2p^6\,3s^2\,3p^6\,3d^{10}\,4s^2\,4p^1 \]
Step 2: Count s-electrons.
s-electrons: 1s\(^2\), 2s\(^2\), 3s\(^2\), 4s\(^2\) → total = 8
Step 3: Count p-electrons.
p-electrons: 2p\(^6\), 3p\(^6\), 4p\(^1\) → total = 6 + 6 + 1 = 13
Step 4: Count d-electrons.
d-electrons: 3d\(^10\) → total = 10
Step 5: Summary of counts.
s = 8, p = 13, d = 10
Step 6: Final conclusion.
\[ \boxed{8, 13, 10} \]
Gallium (Z = 31): \[ 1s^2\,2s^2\,2p^6\,3s^2\,3p^6\,3d^{10}\,4s^2\,4p^1 \]
Step 2: Count s-electrons.
s-electrons: 1s\(^2\), 2s\(^2\), 3s\(^2\), 4s\(^2\) → total = 8
Step 3: Count p-electrons.
p-electrons: 2p\(^6\), 3p\(^6\), 4p\(^1\) → total = 6 + 6 + 1 = 13
Step 4: Count d-electrons.
d-electrons: 3d\(^10\) → total = 10
Step 5: Summary of counts.
s = 8, p = 13, d = 10
Step 6: Final conclusion.
\[ \boxed{8, 13, 10} \]
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