The modulus of resilience is the amount of energy per unit volume that a material can absorb without permanent deformation — i.e., within the elastic range. It quantifies how much energy a material can store when loaded elastically and is a key indicator of toughness for elastic loading.
This value is represented by the area under the stress-strain curve from zero to the yield point.
After the yield point, plastic deformation begins, and energy is no longer stored elastically.
Mathematically, for linearly elastic materials: \[ \text{Modulus of Resilience} = \frac{\sigma_y^2}{2E} \] where: $\sigma_y$ = yield stress $E$ = Young’s modulus of elasticity Therefore, the correct answer is the area under the stress-strain curve up to the yield point.
The elongation of a conical bar of length L under the action of its own weight is ___ that of a prismatic bar of the same length.
The supply voltage magnitude \( |V| \) of the circuit shown below is ____ .
A two-port network is defined by the relation
\(\text{I}_1 = 5V_1 + 3V_2 \)
\(\text{I}_2 = 2V_1 - 7V_2 \)
The value of \( Z_{12} \) is: